A person devoted to and producing results in philosophy.

Western philosophers in (approximate) historical order

The Presocratics -- Socrates -- Plato -- Aristotle -- Epicurus -- Hellenistic Philosophy -- Avicenna -- Rhazes --Cicero -- Augustine of Hippo -- Anselm -- Aquinas -- William of Ockham -- Francis Bacon -- Sir Thomas Browne--Thomas Hobbes -- Rene Descartes -- Nicolas Malebranche -- Baruch Spinoza -- Gottfried Leibniz -- Blaise Pascal -- John Locke -- George Berkeley -- David Hume -- Thomas Reid -- Dugald Stewart -- Jean Jacques Rousseau -- Charl du Montesquieu -- Voltaire -- Immanuel Kant -- Gottlieb Fichte -- Georg Hegel -- James Mill -- John Stuart Mill -- Karl Marx -- Arthur Schopenhauer -- Søren Kierkegaard -- Friedrich Nietzsche -- Gottlob Frege -- Rudolf Steiner -- Albert Schweizer -- Bertrand Russell -- Alfred North Whitehead -- Karl Popper -- -- G. E. Moore -- Ludwig Wittgenstein -- Rudolph Carnap -- Jean-Paul Sartre -- Albert Camus -- Georg Henrik von Wright -- Mortimer Adler -- W. V. O. Quine -- Nelson Goodman -- Imre Lakatos -- Paul Feyerabend -- Mario Bunge -- Douglas Hofstadter -- Daniel Dennett -- Pierre Teilhard de Chardin

Eastern philosophers in approximate historical order:

Gautama Buddha -- Lao Zi -- Confucius -- Bodhidharma -- Dogen -- Mao Zedong

Philosophers: listed by philosophical school

See Philosophical Movements.

Nicknames of Medieval Philosophers

Several medieval philosophers have been given Latin nicknames by historians. For example:

• Francis Mayron - Doctor acutus, the acute doctor, or Doctor illuminatus
• St. Thomas Aquinas - Doctor Angelicus, the angelic doctor, or Doctor Communis
• William of Ockham - Doctor Invincibilis
• Alexander of Hales - Doctor Irrefragibilis
• Roger Bacon - Doctor Mirabilis, the wonderful doctor
• John Bassol - Doctor Ordinatissimus, the most methodical doctor
• St. Bonaventure - Doctor Seraphicus
• Henry Goethals (Hendricus Bonicollius) - Doctor Solemnis, the solemn doctor
• Richard Middleton - the solid doctor, or the profound doctor
• Duns Scotus - Doctor Subtilis, the discriminating doctor, or Doctor Marianus
• Albertus Magnus - Doctor Universalis
• Durandus de Sancto Portiano - the most resolute doctor
• Thomas Bradwardine - the profound doctor
• Jean Ruysbroeck (Joannes Ruysbrokius) - the divine doctor

See Also: Philosophy, Eastern philosophy, Epistemology, Ethics, Metaphysics, Aesthetics, Ontology, Reason, Mathematicians, Scientists, List of philosophers

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The Philosopher is also the nickname of Joseph Haydn's Symphony No. 22.